Students are taught to decompose composite problems (those requiring multiple steps) into a chain of simpler tasks.

The phrase refers to 2nd-grade mathematics problems within the "School 2100" (Школа 2100) educational system . This Russian curriculum is known for its focus on developing functional literacy and logical thinking through non-standard problem-solving. Core Characteristics of "School 2100" Problems

Tasks are often divided into levels: "Necessary" (basic competency), "Programmatic" (standard curriculum), and "Maximum" (non-standard, creative challenges for advanced students).