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Stage 1 of labor is the longest phase of childbirth, beginning with the onset of regular contractions and ending only when the cervix is fully dilated to 10 centimeters. During this stage, the body performs two critical tasks: (thinning of the cervix) and dilation (opening of the cervix), both of which allow the baby to move into the birth canal.
While often broadly categorized into early and active labor, many experts further divide this stage into three distinct phases: Stages of labor and birth: Baby, it's time! - Mayo Clinic What is Stage 1 of Labor
This stage typically lasts 12 to 19 hours for first-time mothers, though it often progresses faster for those who have given birth before. The Three Phases of Stage 1 Stage 1 of labor is the longest phase