Tilopa's life is characterized by "transgressive" or unconventional behavior designed to break through religious dogma and intellectual pride.
: Born into a high-caste Brahmin family in Bengal, he was initially a highly trained scholar in both Vedic and Buddhist traditions. The Life of Tilopa and the Ganges Mahamudra
The text emphasizes that the true nature of the mind is like open space—vast, unchanging, and impossible to stain with "good" or "bad" deeds. The Life of Tilopa and the Ganges Mahamudra
: While he studied under several human gurus like Nagarjuna and Saryapa, Tilopa claimed his ultimate realization came directly from the primordial buddha Vajradhara . The Life of Tilopa and the Ganges Mahamudra
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