: Research-based primers from the Journalist's Resource noted that inmates released directly from solitary are 52% more likely to recidivate than those never held in isolation, creating substantial societal costs. If you'd like to explore this further,
: Scholar Craig Haney published significant work in the Northwestern University Law Review establishing that the harmful effects of solitary have been empirically proven for over a century, yet continued to be ignored during the 2020 crisis. Consequences and Reform Solitary (2020)
: Studies such as those in The Lancet linked solitary confinement placement to higher risks of post-release mortality and suicide. : Penal Reform International detailed updated rules for
: Penal Reform International detailed updated rules for prison authorities, focusing on human rights standards for the separation of prisoners. Solitary (2020)
The heavy reliance on isolation in 2020 had lasting effects on reintegration.
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