Intense or correlated magnetic noise directly limits the "reach" of GW astronomy:
Magnetic interference in GW detectors stems from both natural and human-made sources: Problems of intense magnetic field in gravitati...
: These are global electromagnetic resonances excited by lightning strikes in the cavity between the Earth's surface and the ionosphere. They create magnetic fields that are coherent over thousands of kilometers, potentially causing correlated noise between distant detector sites. Intense or correlated magnetic noise directly limits the
Magnetic fields interfere with the interferometer through several "coupling" mechanisms: Problems of intense magnetic field in gravitati...
: External factors like nearby electronic infrastructure or even passing trains can create detectable magnetic disturbances. 2. How Magnetic Fields Disrupt Detectors