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Political Order and Political Decay: From the I...

Fukuyama argues that a successful modern state requires a delicate balance of three specific institutions:

A rising global middle class is seen as a primary driver of democracy, as they tend to demand more institutional accountability and merit-based governance.

A strong state that lacks the rule of law and democratic accountability.

Fukuyama uses this term to describe a system with so many checks and balances that small interest groups can effectively block—or "veto"—any action that benefits the public good.

Fukuyama posits that the order in which these institutions develop matters immensely. For instance, countries that developed a strong, professional bureaucracy before democratization (like Prussia/Germany) often have more effective governance than those where democracy arrived before a competent state was built.