: Nanomaterials that combine a therapeutic agent with a diagnostic imaging agent, allowing doctors to track the drug's location and effectiveness in real-time.
: Combining organic (lipids/polymers) and inorganic (gold/silica) materials to create "smart" formulations that respond to external stimuli like heat or pH levels. 4. Applications and Routes of Administration
: By encapsulating drugs in polymers, pharmacists can control the rate at which a drug is released into the bloodstream, reducing the frequency of dosing.