Gsm Вђ“ Architecture, Protocols And Services -

Support for data transmission, originally limited to 9.6 kbps but later improved through upgrades like GPRS and EDGE .

Primarily high-quality digital voice calls and SMS.

Handles authentication, security, and location tracking. GSM – Architecture, Protocols and Services

Often called the core network, it performs call switching and manages subscriber mobility. Key components include:

Verifies user identities and provides security keys for encryption. Support for data transmission, originally limited to 9

Uses the Subscriber Identity Module (SIM) to store unique identity information. Security is maintained through a challenge-response authentication mechanism and over-the-air encryption using algorithms like A5.

The GSM network architecture is divided into three primary subsystems that manage communication, switching, and operations: Support for data transmission

Manages call control (CC), Short Message Service (SMS), and supplementary services. Services and Security