Sparse or absent. Plants are adapted to drought (long roots, thick skins, or thorns), such as cacti or camel thorns. Soils: Desert soils—thin, often salty, and lacking humus.

Large herbivores (elephants, giraffes, zebras, antelopes) and predators (lions, cheetahs, hyenas). 3. Tropical Belt: Tropical Deserts and Semi-Deserts

You can find more detailed lesson materials and presentations for this curriculum on educational platforms like Infourok .

Based on the textbook by I.V. Dushina and T.L. Smoktunovich, Paragraph 18 covers the topic: "Major Natural Zones of the Equatorial, Subequatorial, and Tropical Belts" . 1. Equatorial Belt: Wet Equatorial Forests (Gileya)