Dsp -

: Represents the "center of mass" of the spectrum, often associated with the perceived "brightness" of a sound.

: If frequency features are needed, apply an FFT or Wavelet Transform to each frame.

: Counts how often the signal crosses the zero axis, often used to distinguish between voiced and unvoiced speech. : Represents the "center of mass" of the

: Measures the overall power or loudness of the signal.

: Test the feature against a reference output to ensure accuracy before integrating it into a real-time system. Top 7 DSP Projects Ideas - PHD TOPIC : Measures the overall power or loudness of the signal

: Use an anti-aliasing filter to remove unwanted high-frequency noise before sampling.

: Indicates the asymmetry of the signal's distribution. : Indicates the asymmetry of the signal's distribution

: These describe the spectral content of the signal. They are usually extracted after applying a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) :