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The Supreme Court established a two-part test in the case Star Athletica, L.L.C. v. Varsity Brands, Inc. :

For instance, a floral design engraved on a silver spoon can be copyrighted as an artistic work, but the shape and function of the spoon itself cannot be copyrighted. Why APDN Matters for Useful Articles

The artistic feature must be able to be perceived as a two- or three-dimensional work of art separate from the useful article.

The feature must be able to exist on its own—for example, as a painting or sculpture—if it were imagined apart from the functional object.

Under the Useful Article Doctrine , copyright does protect the functional design of the object itself (which is usually the domain of patent law). Instead, it only protects artistic features that can be separated from the object's function.