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In 2022, potential natural gas rationing threatened to force a shutdown of BASF's Ludwigshafen site, the world's largest integrated chemical complex, due to its heavy reliance on gas. Facing €3.2 billion in additional energy costs, BASF initiated severe cost-cutting measures, including 2,600 job cuts and a long-term strategic shift away from European production toward regions with lower energy costs. For a detailed financial breakdown of the cost-cutting measures, see Reuters .