Through strategic alliances and military success, Greece nearly doubled its territory and population, incorporating Macedonia, Epirus, Crete, and the North Aegean islands .
This era saw the birth of the national ideology aiming to unite all Greeks living under Ottoman rule within a single state. It dominated foreign policy for the next 80 years. Through strategic alliances and military success
The dominant political figure of the late 19th century, Trikoupis introduced the principle of Dedilomeni (the requirement that the Prime Minister must have the confidence of Parliament). He focused on infrastructure (railroads, the Corinth Canal) but his heavy spending led to national bankruptcy in 1893. Through strategic alliances and military success